Treatment of Critical Lower Limb Ischemia
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Ðe Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) (TASC II), defined Critical Lower Limb Ischemia (CLLI) by the presence of chronic ischemic rest pain, ulceration or gangrene attributable to arterial occlusive disease. Usually, the impairment of peripheral perfusion is a long chronic process that occurs within months or years in relation to age, predisposing factors and cardiovascular risk factors such as cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, hypercoagulable states and hyperhomocysteinemia. Ðis clinical condition is medical emergency and is linked with a high risk of loss of the aوٴected limb. In developed countries, incidence is estimated at 50 to 100 cases in 100 thousand inhabitants per year. It is responsible for increasing morbidity and mortality and consumes considerable social and healthcare resources. It is the number one cause of diabetic limb amputation in Nigeria. Criteria for diagnosis of CLLI are defined as rest pain or tissue loss (ulcers or gangrene) supported by ischemia defined by the hemodynamic criteria of low ankle or toe pressures.